Phonograph



Jan. 6, 1942.

c. w. DANN PHONOGRAPH Filed June 25, 1938 11 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTORCharles ZU'. Dan 72 A TORNEY C. W. DANN Jan. 6, 1942.

PHONOGRAPH 11 Sheets-Shet 2 Filed June 25, 1958 ILIU Zm INVENTOR CharlesZUZDamz BY A ORNEY c. w'. DANN Jan. 6, 1942.

PHONOGRAPH Filed June 25 ll Sheets-Sheet 3 C. W. DANN Jan. 6, 1942.

PHONOG-RAPH Filed June 25, 1958 ll Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR CharlesZIZDamn BY a y TTORNEY' Jan. 5, 1942. C. w. DANN 2,268,645

PHONOGRAPH Filed June l938 11 Sheets-Sheet 5 Md-W. A ORN EY I C. W. DANN PHONOGRAPH Jan. 6, 1942.

TORNF Jan. 6,1942. c. w. DAM 2,268,645

I PHONOGRAPH Fi-led June 25, 1938 11. Sheets-Sheet 7 2374, 25 v ggINVENTOR Charles. M'Damz ZZY of I M 205 TORNEY Jan. 6, w DANN vPHONOGRAPH Filed June 25, 1938 11 Shets-Sheet 1o 500 INVENTOR CharlesZl/I Damz A ORNEY Jan. 6, 1942. c. w. DANN 2,268,645

PHONOGRAPH Filed June 25, 1958 11 Sheets-Sheet 11 INVENTOR Ch :1 rlesWIDanm b BY J? Ma-A-a TORNEY Patented Jan. 6, 1942 PHONOGRAP-H CharlesW. Dann, East Orange, N. J., assignor to Thomas A. Edison, Incorporated,West Orange, a N. J a corporation of New Jersey Application June 25,1938, Serial No. 215,754

32 Claims.

This invention relates to phonographs, and especially to those of thetype intended for the recordation, or recordation and reproduction, ofdictation, speeches, conferences and the like.

It is an object of the invention to provide a phonograph of the typedescribed which is small, light and compact.

It is an object to provide a phonograph of the type described which ishighly flexible in arrangement, to permit its use as a single unit in anexposed place or in a moderate-sized enclosure, and as a plurality ofyet smaller units in small-sized enclosures such as shallow desk drawersand the like.

It is an object to provide a phonograph of the type described employingand characterized by the advantages of electrical recordation andreproduction.

It is an object to provide a phonograph of the type described, the useof which will require a very small number of operations by the operator.It is an allied object to provide such a phonograph wherein theoperation of change .of records will occasion the automatic performanceof many other operations.

It is an object to provide a phonograph of the type described, theadvantages-of which are attained economically. It is an allied object toform and arrange the components so that they may be constructed of cheapmaterials and otherwise at low cost. It is an allied object to avoid thenecessity for attractively finishing many individual components, as wellas to provide a maximum protection of the components from injury anddirt.

It is an object to provide a substantially fully enclosed phonographwithout impairing its ready manipulab-ility or the positive awareness ofthe operator of the condition of the machine at any for recordation, isreadily and positively con-1 verted forsimple reproducing use.

It is an object to provide improvements in the electrical and mechanicalassociation of an electronic amplifier with the rest of the phonographicapparatus.

It is an object to provide improved means forv detachably couplingseparate parts of the apparatus.

It is a general object to provide a generally improved phonograph of thetype described.

Other and allied objects will more fully appear from the followingdescription and the appended claims.

In the detailed description of my invention,

' hereinafter set forth, reference is had tov the ,ac-.

It is an object to provide improvements in and 55 companying drawings,of which:

Figure 1 is a perspective View of a complete phonograph equipmentaccording to my inven- Figure2 is a top planview of the phonographproper without its cover, for example in an adjustment for recordation,a few of the bottom parts being omitted for the sake ofclearillustration;

Figure 2a. is a fragmentary horizontal crosssectional view takencentrally through the large diameter. cylinder 95 appearing in. plan inthe upper lefthand corner of Figure 2;

Figure 3 is a front elevational view of the phonograph, adjusted forreproduction of matter already recorded, some of the more rearward partsbeing omitted;

Figure'3a is afragmentary horizontal crosssectional view taken on theline 3a-3a of Figure 3; Figure 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view ofthe phonograph taken substantially along the line 4-4 of' Figure 2, butwith the phonograph in a neutral adjustment, a few of the most rearwardparts being omitted; Figure 5 is a bottom plan View of the phono+ graph,for example at the termination of recordation upon a record, some of theupper carriage components being omitted;

Figure 6 is a rear elevational view of the phonograph, supported on theamplifier 2, with the phonograph in a stopped condition;

Figure 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the phonograph, againsupported on the amplifier, taken substantially along the line 'I'I ofFigure 2 to show the carriage but not the advance slide, andillustrating the phonograph during the process of the return of thecarriage to its initial position;

Figure 8 is a fragmentary rear elevational view of the phonograph andamplifier covers, the pho- Figure l isa vertical cross-sectional view,

taken substantially along the line Ill-I0 of Figure 2 to show theadvance slide but not the carriage, and illustrating the phonographduring the process of the return of the carriage toits initial position;7

Figure a is a fragmentary horizontal crosss'ectional view, taken very,approximately along the line I U a-Illa of Figure 10, and illustratingthe lower rear lefthand corner portion of the phonograph just as theprocess .of carriage return'is being completed;

Figure 11 is a fragmentary view similar to Figure 9a or to a portion ofFigure 10, but illustrating, its components after the completion of theprocess of carriage return .but before the phonograph has again beenstarted;

Figure 12 is a righthand end view of the carriage, with portions of therighthand end member II removed; illustrating a recordation'adjustment;

Figure 13 is a staggered vertical view taken through the carriagelooking from the right, illustrating a reproduction adjustment, thetranslating device being shown in simplified elevation; Figure 14 is avertical cross-sectional view of the carriage, taken principally alongthe line I 4I4 of Figure 12, and illustrating a neutral adjustment;

Figure 15 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the centralcarriage components, taken principally along the line ,I5I5 of Figure12;

Figure 16 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the translating deviceonly, taken principally along the line Iii-I6 of Figure 15, thevibrationdamper 305 being omitted;

Figure 17 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the carriage, takenprincipally along the line I'I--I I of Figure 12', and illustrating aneutral adjustment;

Figure 18 is a vertical front view of the second cam plate 31 I inneutral position;

I Figure 19 is a vertical front view of the auxil iary cam plate 4M, ininactive position;

Figure 20 is a vertical cross-sectional view of translating deviceomitted, taken substantially along the line 2I-2I of Figure 20, andillustrating the components during operation of the phonograph but witha neutral adjustment;

Figure 22 is a partial vertical cross-sectional View taken principallyalong the line 22 22 of Figure 21, showing the relationship of theauxiliary cam plate to certain of the rear carriage components;

Figure 23 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view taken principallyalong the line 2323 of Figure 21;

Figure 24 is an enlarged, partial horizontal cross-sectional view takensubstantially along the line 24-24 of Figure 22;

Figure 25 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view taken principallyalong the line 25--25 of Figure 24, and indicating various positionsoccupied by certain of the components under different conditions ofadjustment;

Figure 26 is a lefthand elevational view, with a small portion insection, of the latch lever 435 and associated components, illustratingtwo positions which may beassumed by that latch lever;

Figure 27 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view taken principallyalong the line 2I2'I of Figure 24;

Figure 28 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the central and toprighthand portions of the carriage and advance slide system, takenvertically through the carriage rod I0;

Figure 29 is a righthand elevational View of the phonograph,illustrating the phonograph after a record has been mounted on themandrel but before the next ensuing starting of operation of thephonograph;

' Figure 30 is a simplified schematic wiring diagram of the electricalconnections of thephonoph;

Figure 31 is a righthand inside elevational view of the bottom part ofthe lefthand end of the cover 6 in position on the phonograph;

Figures 32a and 3217 are fractional perspective views respectively ofthe lower lefthand front corner of the cover 6 and of the forward end ofthe associated coupling slide, separated from their normal relationship;

Figures 33a. and 33b are fractional perspective views respectively ofthe lower lefthand rear corner of the cover 6 and of the rear end of theassociated coupling slide, separated from their normal relationship; and

Figure 34 is a lefthand end View of the lower rear portion of thephonograph, with the end plate 2| shown only in dash-dot lines to exposea dashpot device 590 which I prefer to employ but which has been omittedfrom other figures in the interest of simplicity of illustration.

Figure 1 illustrates in perspective a complete electrical recording andreproducing phonograph equipment according to my invention, with all thenecessary controls therefor; from this figure may be seen the extremecompactness, full encasement and protection of components, andsimplicity of control and of appearance, which characterize theequipment. Four units are shown: the-phonograph proper as I, anamplifier as 2, a handpiece (for sound collection and dispersal) as 3,and a stand for the handpiece as 4, the several units being electricallyinterconnected by appropriate thin cabling such as 5. Both phonograph Iand amplifier 2 are of very small height; as shown in Figure 1 (and inlater Figures 6, 7 and 8) the amplifier 2 is in inverted position,forming a base for the, phonograph I. It will be understood, however,that the phonograph and amplifier may when desired be otherwisedisposed-the amplifier for example upright in the drawer of a desk, thephonograph being disposed in that or another drawer or on top of thedesk, or the like, the small, size of these units permitting a widechoice of their dispositions and affording a high degree of portabilityof the complete equipment.

Attention being directed particularly to the phonograph I, it will beseen from Figure 1 that a unitary cover 6 substantially completelyencloses it. The cover 6 is formed with a large, approximately circularhole 1 in its right-hand end, exposing the end of the mandrel(hereinafter more fully mentioned) and permitting the mounting of acylindrical record on the mandrel and its removal therefrom. The hole 1also exposes a lever 8 hereinafter more fully described; this lever isprovided with a hinged fingerpiece 9 which normally extends outwardlythrough the cover hole I, but which may be folded up to a verticalposition to permit the lowering and raising of the cover. The cover 6 isformed with a slot it! along the bottom of its front, through which slota carriage H extends to terminate in a vertical control plate 12 veryslightly spaced forwardly of the front cover surface, the carriage(hereinafter detailedly described) and control plate being arranged forside-to-side travel. Above the slot l0, and on to the righthand end ofthe cover, the upper front edge of the cover is cut away to expose anelongated annotation-slip holder i3 which extends horizontally from sideto side, and inclinedly upwardly from front to back. The top of thecover 6 is provided with a flange portion I 4 downhanging toward theholder [3 near the rear of the latter; a small space between the bottomof the flange portion M and the holder l3 permits the forward extensionover the holder of two pointers-'a carriage pointer 15 and an advancepointer l1, hereinafter more fully referred to. The lefthand end of theflange portion 14 may be joined to the front of the cover by a furthersmall flange portion I5 downhanging from the cover top to below the topof the lefthand extremity of the holder l3. The so-describedinterruptions in the continuity of the cover 6 are the only onesnecessary for manipulation or observation of the phonograph.

Frame and mandrel The components of the phonograph I are assembled to aframe which basically comprises two vertical front-and-back extendingplates 2| and 22, held to a circumferentially incomplete cylinder 29 atthe extremities of the latter. In Figures 2 through 5 plate 2| appearsas the righthand end member and plate 22 as an intermediate memberrelatively near the lefthand end of the machine, the cylinder 20 passingtherebetween approximately at mid-position from front back. Thecircumferential discontinuity of the cylinder 20 is a longitudinalopening IS in the cylinder wall, of very approximately 90 degreesextent, and disposed toward the front of the machine; its upper edgeappears as l9a in Figures 2 and 3 and its lower edge as I9b in Figure 5,but it is best seen in the central frontand-back vertical section ofFigure 7. The plate 2| does not cover or close its end of the cylinder23; the cylinder terminates in a full circular aperture in this plate,as best seen in the righthand end view of Figure 29, and with thisaperture the cover hole 1 is aligned when the cover is in place. Theplate 22, however,'covers its end of the cylinder (except for a smallsegment at the discontinuity l9) and, as may be seen best in Figures 2,4 and 5, is provided with a leftwardly extending boss 23 central of thecylinder. In this boss there is secured, as by set screw 25, thelefthand end portion of a tube 24 extending axially of cylinder 20; andthrough this tube is rotatably passed a mandrel shaft 26. A mandrel 21is secured on the mandrel shaft, within the cylinder 20, the latter thusforming an enclosure or shield for the mandrel and for the cylindricalrecord removably mounted on the mandrel.

Such a record, by way of example a wax record, has been indicated invarious figures (Figure 4 for example) as R.

The mandrel 21, which may be of a well-known form such as that disclosedin U. S. Letters PatentNo. 2,010,717, issued August 6, 1935, onapplication of Heinrich F. Max Gramann, is not illuscause the collapseof the chuck members and the ejection of the record.

The plate 22 does not itself extend forwardly of the cylinder 20; butfrom the lefthand extremity' of the boss 23 above mentioned thereextends forwardly an extension plate 3| having upper and lower arms 3| aand 3), respectively, as best seen in Figure 9. It will be understoodthat the assembly of plates 21 and 22, cylinder 2e, boss 23, andextension plate 3|, may be made of die castings.

The frame of the machine may include, in addition to the components justmentioned, another front-and-ba/ck extending, vertical plate 32; thismay form the lefthand end member of the machine, and may be held spacedaway from plate 22 by horizontal spacing means such as top post (33fractionally shown in Figures 2 through 4) and bottom post 34 (shown inFigures 3 through 5). It may further betied. to thelower plate arm 3H)near the front of the machine through a block 35 and post 36, thesebeing integrally formed and secured respectively to 32 and 3| b.

The annotation slip holder l3, into which a slip S may be leftwardlyinserted, comprises a trough member l3a terminally secured on the Ifront portions of the tops of plate 2| and upper plate arm Ma; and aplatform member l3b secured within, and raised above. the bottom of, thetrough member 13a. Slip-holding flanges i3c are formed rearwardly fromthe upturned front of the trough member and forwardly from the rear ofthe platform member, that trough member front and the platform memberextendingleftwardly only asfar as the cover flange [5.

Motor, etc.

A motor supplying driving power for various functions hereinaftermentioned is shown as 40;

-, this is disposed behind the cylinder 20, to the right of theplate-22. The internal construction of the motor is-not shown in detail;but in Figures 5 and 6 there willbe seen, largely in dotted lines,lefthand and righthand end members, 4| and 42 forthe motor assembly. Topand bottom senii-cylindrical shields 43 and 44 extend from one endmember to the other, enclosing and shielding the motor. The lefthandmotor end member 4| is secured to the plate 22 through a plurality ofshort mounting pillars 45; To the righthand motor end member 42 issecured the lefthand end wall of a die-cast housing 50; and from the topof the front surface of this housing there extends upwardly andforwardly an L-shaped lug 46, best seen in Figure '1. This lug overlapsa flat projection 41 formed from the upper rear surface of the cylinderand it is secured thereto by a screw 48, to complete the mounting of themotor. It has been found desirable to keep the entire motor frame andshielding free of electrical connection with the frame of thephonograph; accordingly the lug 46' may be insulated from the projection41 as by insulation 49 disposed therebetween and around the screw 48,and insulating means may be employed in connection with the securing ofthe motor end member 4Isuch as the formation of the pillars 45 asinsulating inserts in that end member. At the left of the motor itsshaft 39 extends through the end member 4|, and through an oversize hole38 in plate 22 into the space between plates 22 and 32, as seen forexample in Figure 2. At the right of the motor the shaft 39 extends,through bearing 52 secured to the end member 42, into the housing 50.

On shaft 39 within the housing 50 is secured a centrifugal fan 53,comprising hub 54, disc 55, and vanes 56, all integrally cast forexample. Opposite the fan 53 the rear wall of the housing is providedwith a rectangular air duct 58 leading and opening rearwardly, while thebottom wall of. the housing is provided with a rectangular air duct 51leading and opening downwardly. An air path 59 is provided from theinterior of the motor into the housing 50 through the housing end wall5|; and at the lefthand extremity of the motor its shields 43 and 44 areprovided with air-admitting holes 60. The action of the fan 53 is tosuck air through the holes 60, past the motor and through the air path59, and to expel it through the air ducts 51 and 58, thereby cooling themotor.

In the space 6| within the housing 50 beyond the fan. 53 there may belocated an electricalcontact type of governor for the motor; thisgovernor, of which the details form no part of the instant invention,appears in purely schematic mechanical illustration in Figure 6, and indiagrammatic electrical illustration in Figure 30. At the bottom of thehousing 50 there may be provided a shelf 62 extending a short distancerightwardly (appearing of course as leftwardly in the rear view ofFigure 6) In the space 63 above this shelf and on top of the housing 50may be disposed the components of an electrical filter system, asschematically indicated at F in Figure 6, interposed, asdiagrammatically indicated at F in Figure 30, in the electricalconnections to the motor for the suppression of highfrequency electricaldisturbances which may tend to be set up by the motor. The space 63 maybe covered and shielded by a generally L-shaped hollow cover 64, thiscover being electrically at the potential of the housing 50 and motor40.

"Carriage, advance slide and feed screw proximately mid-elevation,. andterminally secured in plates 32 and 2|. Along this rod there is adaptedto move the carriage I I, already mentioned. While the carriage isillustrated and described in detail in and in connection withlaterfigures, its general form will be apparent from Figures 2, 3, 5 and'7. It may include a righthand end member 1| and a lefthand end member12, each in general vertically disposed in front of the cylinder 20 butextending, in its bottom portion, forwardly through the cover slot I0and rearwardly to underneath the cylinder 20. The carriage may furtherinclude, between members 1| and 12, a top cross portion 13, a rearcrossportion 14, and a central cross-portion 15, the latter surrounding andbearing on the rod 10 and having the leftward extension 16 beyond endmember 12 (seen in Figure 3) also surrounding and bearing on rod 10.Adjacent the top of the end member 1| the cross portion 13 is thickenedand provided with a bevel surface 11 in a. plane approximately directedtoward the cylinder 2!] axis; and in this surface is secured a stud 18carrying a roller 19 free to rotate on the stud. The periphery of thisroller rests against a ridge formed on the outer surface of cylinder 20adjacent the top of the cylinder opening I9, and rides along this ridgeas the carriage is moved along rod 10. The weight of the carriagedevelops a force tending to rotate it about rod 10, rearwardly abovethat rod, and the roller 19 and ridge 80 form a bearing which resiststhat force. To render the carriage secure against rotation in theopposite direction a screw 8| may be passed upwardly through the rearcross portion 14, substantially into contact with a ridge 82 formed onthe outer surface of cylinder 20 underneath the cylinder axis.

To the top of the top carriage cross portion 13 in its lefthand halfthere is secured a plate 69, and from the righthand extremity of thisplate there is formed the narrow, flat carriage pointer I6 above statedto extend forwardly over the annotation-slip holder I3.

Surrounding the carriage rod 10 at the right of the carriage II is agenerally cylindrical advance slide I20. In its normal position relativeto the carriage, the slide I20 extends leftwardly into a partial annularrecess 15a formed in the righthand carriage end member 1| and thecentral carriage cross portion 15 immediately adjacent the rod 10, thisrecess extending leftwardly for a minor part of the width of thecarriage and being indicated for example in Figure '7. In its normalposition, the slide I20 extends rightwardly to bring its righthandextremity only very slightly to the right of the carriage end member 1|.The advance slide I20 is normally pushed rightwardly by the carriage IIas the carriage moves in that direction. Ordinarily the carriage portionimmediately in contact with the advance slide I20 is a thin finger I25carried by the carriage and normally extending downwardly into thecarriage recess 15a at the lefthand extremity of that recess; thisfinger is hereinafter more particularly referred to, but its extremitymay be seen in Figure '7 in the recess 15a above the rod 10. 7

To the righthand extremity of slide I20 is secured an arm I2I, seen inFigure 10, extending upwardly and rearwardly from the slide in avertical plane to terminate in gravity-maintained contact with the upperridge 80 on cylinder 20.

On the lefthand surface of the arm I2I at its upper extremity is formeda thin boss or button I22; when the finger I25 is in contact with thelefthand slide extremity this button is slightly spaced from the surfaceof the righthand carriage end member II, as may be seen in Figure 2.From this figure and Figure 10 it may also be seen that a bracket I23 issecured to the arm I2I near the arm extremity,-extending firstvertically upwardly and then horizontally leftwardly just above the topcarriage cross portion I3. On top of the horizontal portion of thisbracket there is secured a plate I24 in position such that its lefthandextremity is always spaced from the righthand extremity of plate 69 by ashade more than the spacing of button I22 from carriage end member II.From the lefthand extremity of the plate I24 there is formed the narrow,flat advance pointer I'l above stated to extend forwardly to over theannotation-slip holder it.

A feed screw 83 is disposed below and parallel with the rod Ill, andagainst this screw is biased a feed nut 84 carried in the carriage II,shown in Figure '7, and hereinafter more particularly referred to. Atits lefthand end the feed screw 83 passes through and is journalled inthe lower plate arm 3Ib. At its righthand end the feed screw isjournalled in the cross portion or base 86 of a Ushaped hanger 85, whoseextremities 85a are secured to the plate 2| so that hanger 85 extendsleftwardly from that plate; a top view of the hanger 85 appears asFigure 3a. The feed screw 83 is rotated whenever the mandrel 21 isrotated; accordingly, assuming the feed nut 84 in engagement with thefeed screw in response to its bias, the carriage I I is driven slowlyrightwardly so that stylus means carried by the carriage and engageablewith a record R .on the mandrel will traverse a spiral path on the rec-0rd.

The stylus means and the control system therefor are hereinafterparticularly described. It may here be mentioned, however, that thosemeans may comprise a recording stylus and a reproducing stylus; and thatthat system may comprise a substantially inverted triangular,frontand-back extending fingerpiece or lever 88 in front of the verticalcontrol plate I2 in which the carriage II was above stated to terminateat the front of the machine. This fingerpiece or control lever 88 issecured at its bottom to the top of an inverted triangular, side-to-sideextending plate 89 spaced slightly in front of the control plate I2--theplate 89 being mounted to be swung in its own plane,and the controllever 88 accordingly being inclinable, to the right and left of the meanposition illustrated in Figure 1. When the plate 89 is in its meanposition, with the control lever 88 vertical, both styli are disengagedfrom the record and the feed nut 84 is held, against its bias, away from.the feed screw 83-i. e., a neutral adjustment is established. When thecontrol lever 88 and plate 89 are moved to the right (e. g., as inFigure 2) and to the left (e. g., as in Figure 3), recordation andreproduction adjustments are respectively established; in each of theseadjustments, excepting as prevented by other means hereinafterdescribed, the respective stylus is engaged with the record and the feednut 8 is engaged with the feed screw In Figure 2 the control lever 88 isshown in its recordation position, and the carriage Ii and the advanceslide I20 in their normal relationship to each other. If the mandrel 21and feed screw 83 be rotated, the carriage and advance slide will bedriven slowly rightwardly and the recordq: no

ing stylus will traverse the rotating record; that stylus, beingvibrated in accordance with sound should be desired to condition thephonograph for the reproductionof matter already recorded on the record,the mandrel and feed screw rotation is first preferablystopped'thecontrollever 88 is moved into its central or neutral position(disengaging the stylus from the record and the feed nut from the feedscrew), the carriage. is manually moved leftwardly the desired distance,and the control lever 88 is then moved into its lefthandor reproductionposition (engaging the reproducing stylus with the record and the feednut with the feed-screw) the advance slide I20, however, is left at theposition which it occupied at the beginning of the manipulationsjust-mene tioned. Now when the mandrel and feed screw are again rotated,the carriage will be driven slowly toward the advance slide and thereproducing stylus will traversethe rotating rec-. ord; the vibrationsof that stylus caused by the record groove modulations are translatedinto sound as hereinafter described; Figure 3 illustrates the phonographat the beginning of or during its operation forsueh reproduction, thecarriage being assumed to have been moved left-.

'- wardly a considerable distance in the condition-i ing of thephonograph for the reproduction. When the carriage has been drivenrightwardly sufficiently to re-establish the normal relationship betweenit and the advance slide (1. e., when the finger I25 has again come,into contact with the lefthand end of the advance slide) the reproeducing stylus will have traversed all thematter recorded before theconditioning of the phonograph for reproduction; the phonograph may thenbe re-conditioned for recordation by the movement of the control lever88 from its reproduction position back into its recordationposition. I r

M andrel and feed screw rotation The power of the motors!) is madeavailable for various functions in the phonograph through the medium ofa rotatable pulley or-hub 9| driven by the motor, best seen in Figures2, 2a and 9,. Thus between the plates 22 and 32, a little above andforward of the motor shaft 39, is journalled a horizontal rod 96, and onthis rod is secured the hub SI abovementioned; this hub may be of lengthabout half the distance between plates 22 and 32, and may beheldrelatively near the plate 32. At the righthand end of hub 9|. is formeda disc 94 of relatively large diameter; and at the periphery of thisdisc is formed a rightwardly extending annular flange or cylinder 95.The motor shaft 39 extends to within this cylinder, and on its extremityis secured the small pulley 96. Within the cylinder is located amechanism constantly coupling the pulley 98 to the inside surface of thecylinder. The fundamental element of this mechanism is a coupling roller9'! of rubber or other insulating and resilient composition, disposeddiagonally forward of and below the pulley 96 and carried by the forwardbifurcated extremity of a curved arm 98. The rear bifurcated extremityof this arm is pivotally secured to the lower extremity of a lever 99which is pivotally mounted on a stud I0 extending leftwardly from plate22, these elements being best seen in Figures 2a and 10. The upperextremity of the lever 99 is constantly biased forwardlyby a spring I93tensioned between a pin MI. in that lever extremity and a pin I92secured in the plate 22; this maintains a bias of the coupling roller 91against both the pulley 96 and the inside surface of cylinder 95, inspite of any possible wear of the roller. It will accordingly beunderstood that the cylinder 95 and hub 9| will be rotated whenever themotor 49 is operated, though at reduced angular velocity in view of therelative diameters of pulley 96 and cylinder 95. Amon other things, themandrel 21 and feed screw 83 are driven by the hub 9 I, being clutchablethereto and de-clutchable therefrom to control their rotation, as maynow be described.

The mandrel shaft 26 is extended, to the left of the extremity of tube24, to a bearing I94 in plate 32, as best seen in Figure 4. Adjacent thebearing I 94 there is secured on the shaft 26 a hub I96 extendingrightwardly substantially to the extremity of tube 24. At about thecenter of the hub I96 there is formed a disc I91 of relatively largediameter; and at the periphery of this disc is formed a rightwardly andleftwardly extending annular flange or short cylinder I98. This cylinderis in front-and-back alignment with a major portion of the hub 9|abovementioned, and is spaced slightly forwardly of the latter, as seenbest in Figure 9. The cylinder I98 is driven from the hub 9| through theintermediary of a clutch roller 9 of rubber or other resilientcomposition, which may be selectively moved into joint engagement withcylinder I98 and. hub 9| or out of such engagement, as hereinafter moreparticularly described. It will be understood that during suchengagement the mandrel 21 will be rotated by the hub 9 I, though at areduced angular velocity in view of the relative diameters of hub 9| andcylinder I98. In Figures 9 and there have been indicated by arrows thetypical directions of rotation of the several rotary members describedin this and the preceding paragraph.

The feed screw 83 is slowly rotated simultaneously with mandrel rotationthrough the intermediary of a train of gears best seen in Figures 2 and9. This train comprises a gear I I I secured on hub I96 near therighthand extremity of the latter; a larger gear II2, engaging gear III,and carried on a stud II6 secured in lower plate arm 3Ib in front of anda little below shaft 26; a small gear II3 also carried on stud H6 andsecurely connected with gear H2, to rotate therewith, through a collarII'I therebetween; a coupling gear I I4, engaging gear I I3, and carriedon a stud II8 secured in lower plate arm 3Ib in front of and a littlebelow stud H6; and a gear II5, engaging the coupling gear II4, andsecured on the lefthand extremity of the feed screw 83 just to the leftof the lower plate arm 3 lb.

Control of mandrel and feed screw rotation As seen in Figures 9 and 2,the clutch roller II9, which controls the mandrel and feed screwrotation, is carried by a vertical fork member I39 hanging down betweenthe hub 9| and cylinder I08; near the bottom of this fork member, andbelow the center line between that hub and that cylinder, is ahorizontal cross pin I3I on which the clutch roller I I9 is rotatablymounted. Near its top extremity the fork member I39 is curved slightlyrearwardly, and at that extremity it is pivotally held on a horizontalcross pin I36 in the bifurcated forward extremity of a horizontal leverI31; this lever is intermediately pivoted on a horizontal stud I39extending rightwardly from the plate 32.' The fork member I39 has across member I32 a little above the roller H9; and a spring I33,tensioned between the cross member I32 and a horizontal pin I34 securedin plate 32 thereabove, biases the fork member upwardly and the clutchroller 9 into its effective position of joint engagement with hub 9| andcylinder I98. The roller II9 may be moved out of such engagement (thoughremaining engaged with the cylinder I98) by upward movement of the rearextremity of lever I3'I. So to move the lever there is pivotally mountedon the stud I39, in straddling relationship to the lever, the bifurcatedforward extremity of a horizontal arm I49; between the side portions ofthis arm underneath the rear extremity of lever I3'I is a cross memberor web I4I against which there is adapted to impinge the lower end of avertical screw I38 carried in that lever extremity. When the rearextremity of arm I49 is sufficiently low the web MI is out of contactwith screw I38, clutch roller II9 obeys its bias and engages hub 9| andcylinder I98, and the mandrel and feed screw are rotated. When the rearextremity of arm I49 is sufiiciently raised the web I4I impinges againstscrew I38, raising the rear lever extremity, forcing fork member I39downwardly, disengaging the clutch roller, and stopping the rotation ofthe mandrel and feed screw. The bottom surface of the upper extremity ofthe fork member I39 may be formed with a concave heel I35, which whenthe member I39 is lowered is pressed downwardly into contact with aresilient stop, comprising a resilient cylindrical pad I42 extendingrightwardly from the plate 32 in an appropriate position.

The position of the rear extremity of arm I49 may be controlled by asolenoid assembly positioned therebeneath, best seen in Figures 6, 2 and9; this assembly may be supported by a vertical plate I45 secured to andforming a rearward extension of plate 32. To this plate I45 may besecured a lower rectangular iron frame I46 and an upper like frame M1,in vertical alignment with each other; and within these framesrespectively may be held the vertical solenoids I48 and I49. From thebottom horizontal member of the lower frame I46 a core member I59extends upwardly a short distance axially within solenoid I48; and fromthe top horizontal member of the upper frame I4'I a core member I5Iextends downwardly a short distance axially within solenoid I49. The tophorizontal member of the lower frame I46 and the bottom horizontalmember of the upper frame I41 are suitably apertured to permit a commonvertical iron plunger I52 to extend axially between and partially intothe two solenoids, the plunger I52 having a considerable range ofvertical movement between the two core members I59 and I5I. The top coremember I5I is centrally apertured to pass a thin coupling rod I53, whoselower extremity is secured in the upper end of the plunger I52 and Whoseupper extremity carries a horizontal pin I54 extending both rightwardlyand leftwardly. The rear extremity of arm I49 is bifurcated horizontallyto embrace the vertical coupling rod I53; and on each side of that rodthe arm extremity is bifurcated vertically to embrace the horizontal pinI54. It will be understood that when the lower solenoid I48 is actuatedthe plunger I52 will be attracted into a downward position, causing rodI53 and the rear extremity of arm I49 to assume downward positions andthe clutch roller II9 to be engaged as abovementioned; and that when theupper solenoid I49 is actuated the plunger I52 will be attracted into anupward position (as illustrated in Figures 6 and 9), causing theassumption of upward positions by rod I53 and by the rear extremity ofarm I and the disengagement of the clutch roller IIO. In order that eachof the two positions of plunger I52, arm I40 etc. may be positivelymaintained after having been established, a sufficiently strong togglespring device I55 may be connected between a pin I56 extendingrightwardly from plate I (near its rear top corner) and a pin I51extending leftwardly from arm I40 somewhat forwardly of pin I56.

In view of their respective influences on mandrel (and feed screw)rotation, the lower and upper solenoids I48 and I49 may respectively betermed starting and stopping solenoids. They are arranged for alternate,momentary actuations through the medium of a single-pole double-throwswitch, which upon the actuation of either solenoid breaks the powercircuit to it and closes that power circuit to theother. This switch,best seen in Figure 6, is assembled to the rear of a vertical,side-to-side extending plate I59, this plate being held at the right offrames I46 and I41 by brackets I60 and I6I. The two throw-contacts ofthe switch are shown at I62 and I63, respectively carried near the topsof vertical springs I64 and I65 secured to and extending upwardly fromthe lefthand and righthand sides respectively of an insulating blockI66, this block being secured against the lower rear surface of plateI59. As will appear from the diagrammatic Figure 30, contact I62 iselectrically connected in series with starting solenoid I48, and contactI63 in series with stopping solenoid I49. The pole of the switch isshown as a pair of contacts I61 on opposite sides of a vertical lug I68folded rearwardly from the lower lefthand edge of a pivoted vertical armI10 disposed parallel with and behind plate I59; the confacts I 61 areelectrically connected together but are insulated from lug I68 as byinsulation I69. The arm I10 is pivoted, at its top extremity, formovement in its own plane, as on a horizontal pin I1I extendingrearwardly from the upper portion of plate I59 to a lug I12 foldedrearwardly and leftwardly from the righthand edge of plate I59 near itstop.

The arm I10 is moved, to throw the switch, by the plunger I52; thismovement is effected through the medium of a lever I13 intermediatelypivoted on a horizontal pin I11 extending rearwardly, from a leftwardprojection l59a of the central portion of plate I59,to a lug I19 foldedrearwardly and upwardly from the bottom of that projection. A bushingI18 around the pin I11 in front of the lever I13 holds the latterrearwardly against lug H9. The lefthand extremity of the lever I13 isvertically bifurcated to embrace a lu I80 extending rearwardly from ahorizontal disc I8I which is secured about the plunger I52 between thesolenoids, so that the lever I13 is rocked in a vertical plane by theplunger movement. The lever I13 moves the arm I10 through the medium ofan auxiliary lever arm I14 integral with and extending upwardly from thecenter of the lever I13, and a toggle spring I84; this toggle spring isterminally connected to a pin I85 extending forwardly from the upperextremity of lever arm I14 and to a pin I86 extending rearwardly fromarm I10 above pin I85. The righthand extremity of lever I13 is foldedforwardly to form a small lug I15, and from the arm I10 there extendsrearwardly a' small lug I16, the vertical path of 111g I15 and thehorizontal path of lug I16 crossing each other. Lug I15 thereforeinterferes with the movement of lug I16 in either direction, preventingany switch-throwing movement of arm I10, until the substantialcompletion of the movement of the plunger (either up or down); thisprevents the premature opening of the power circuit to that solenoidwhich is causing the plunger movement. The plunger movement isconveniently limited and silenced by bumper discs I82 and I63 of softmaterial respectively above and below the disc I8I abovementioned. Thearrangement of the switch is of course such that the actuation of thestarting solenoid I48 will move the arm I 10 rightwardly to bring andleave the switch pole (one of the contacts I61) against contact I63,thus opencircuiting the starting solenoid I48 at contact I62 andpreparing the stopping solenoid I49 for next actuation; and vice versa.

Return mechanism There has been described the manual leftward movementof the carriage, to such extent as desired, without the advance slideI20, when it is desired to reproduce matter already recorded on a recordin the phonograph. It will be understood, however, that ther isnecessary a leftward movement, or return, of both the carriage and theadvance slide to their initial positions when a fresh record is mountedon the mandrel. In the phonograph according to the instant inventionthere is incorporated a power-driven means for effecting this return.This means may be driven from hub 9| through a second clutch rollerengageable with that hub; there may first be described the structure ofthe return means and its operation when that roller is engaged,attention thereafter being given to the control of the engagement, ofthat roller. The return means is immediately associated with the advanceslide I20, and operates directly upon that slide to cause its leftwardmovement; the slide in I that movement pushes the carriage leftwardly,

so that both are returned together. The return means is in the form of achain-and-sprocket drive, and its major portions are best seen in Figure3.

Two sprockets are provided near the respective ends of the phonograph;these are centered at the lever of the feed screw 83, and lie in asingle vertical plane passing through the feed screw axis. Therighthandsprocket I90 is contained within the hanger 85 abovementioned;it is rotatably mounted on a horizontal cross pin I89 extending in afront-a'nd-back direction be tween the sides of the hanger, and mayproject somewhat into a vertical slot I68 formed in the plate 2|centrally of the hanger. The lefthand sprocket I9I is rotatably mountedon a stud I94 extending forwardly from block 35 abcvementioned, thelower front portion of plate 32 being cut away (as indicated at 32a inFigure 3) to clear this sprocket. From the bottom of the advance slideI20 at its lefthand extremity there hangs down a pair of front-andebackaligned lugs I95 (as seen in Figure 10); a chain I96, secured to ahorizontal cross pin I 95a between these lugs, passes leftwardlytherefrom to sprocket I9I, downwardly around that sprocket, rightwardlyunderneath the feed screw 83 to the sprocket I90, upwardly around thatsprocket, and leftwardly' back to cross pin I95a. A tensioned spring I91may be interposed in the lower portion of the chain I96 to maintain thelatter taut. Sprocket I90 is always free to rotate; and sprocket I9I;although coupled to other mechanism as will next appear, is ordinarilylikewise free to rotate. Thus as the carriage and advance slide aredriven rightwardly by the feed screw the chain I96 slowly idles over thetwo sprockets.

Reference now being had especially to Figures and 9, it will be seenthat behind sprocket |9| on stud I94 there is provided a gear I92; thisis secured to sprocket |9| through a collar I93 therebetween, the gearand sprocket and collar being rotatable as a unit on the stud. In theblock 35 below the stud I94 there is journalled a horizontal,front-and-back extending shaft I98; and on the forward extremity of thisshaft, just in front of the block 35, there is secured a gear I99engaging the gear I92. The shaft I98 extends rearwardly below thecylinder I08, and is journalled in another block 200 secured to therighthand surface of plat 32 at the bottom and somewhat behind thehorizontal center of that plate. On the rear extremity of the shaft I98,just behind the block 200, is secured a bevel gear 20I (best seen inFigure 5), which is engaged by a second bevel gear 202 having ahorizontal, side-to-side extending axis. This bevel gear 202 is securedto a simple gear 203 of larger diameter immediately to its left, and toa small hub 204 immediately to its right, the assembly 202203204 beingrotatably mounted closely adjacent plate 32 on a rod 205 which extendshorizontally between plates 32 and 22 below the cylinder 95. Just to theright of the small hub 204, on the rod 205, there is rotatablypositioned another hub 224 forming a portion of a casting which ishereinafter more particularly described, but which may here be mentionedto include an arm 225 extending upwardly and somewhat rearwardly fromhub 224 to terminate beneath, and to the rear of the center of, hub 9|abovementioned. Near the top extremity of this arm 225 there is secureda leftwardly extending horizontal stud 208. On this stud there isrotatably mounted a gear 209 engaging gear 203, and a clutch roller 2I0of rubber or other resilient composition; the clutch roller 2I0 is oflarger diameter than the gear 209, is disposed between that gear and thearm 225, and is secured to that gear for rotation of the two as a unit.

The casting of which arm 225 and hub 224 form parts further includes asmall hub 220 (best seen in Figure a) surrounding rod 205 adjacent theplate 22; small lug portions 224a and 226a extending downwardly from therespective hubs 224 and 226 (each of these portions being indicated inthe front and bottom views of Figures 4 and 5, and portion 224a beingalso seen in side elevation in Figures 9a and 10); an arm 22'I extendingforwardly in a vertical plane from the lower portion of hub 224; and asubstantially horizontal web 229 joining the two hubs 224 and 226 andreinforcing thereto the rear portion of the top edge of arm 221. As willhereinafter appear, arm 221 is subjected to an upward biasing force; alimit for its upward movement is provided by a felt or like button 230on top of the Web 229, which button normally rests in contact with thebottom of a stop plate 23| secured on top of and extending rightwardlyfrom the block 200 abovementioned, as may be seen in Figures 5, 9 and10.

It will be understood that the clutch roller 2I0 is constantly coupledto the sprocket I9| and chain I96 through the train of gears lastdescribed. The clutch roller 2I0 is in' a side-to side positiompermitting its engagement with the driving hub 9|; but when the mutuallyintegral arms 225 and 221 occupy their normal angular positions aboutrod 205 (illustrated in Figure 9) the clutch roller 2| 0 is held out ofsuch engagement (i. e., slightly spaced diagonally behind and below hub9|) and is free to rotate as the chain I96 and'sprocket I9I mayindicate. But as will hereinafter appear, at certain times when the feednut 84 is disengaged from the feed screw 83, the arm 221 may be rockedslightly downwardly; then the, arm 225 will be rocked slightlyforwardly,'the clutch roller 2I0 will be engaged with th hub 9 I, thegear 209 will planetate slightly about but will remain engaged with thegear 203, the gear train last described will rotate the sprocket I9Icounterclockwise (viewed as in Figure 3), and the advance slide I20 willbe driven leftwardly at a relatively rapid rate, pushing against thefinger I25 abovementioned and moving leftwardly the carriage II.

Control of return mechanism Since in the usual operation of thephonograph the advance slide I20 and the carriage II are to be returnedto their initial positions whenever a record is removed from the mandrel21 and a fresh record mounted thereon, the phonograph is desirablyarranged so that the operation of record manipulation or change willautomatically bring into play the return mechanism. In the illustratedembodiment of this invention use is made of an interferenc piece orguard normally interfering with record manipulation, and requiringmovement to a position of noninterference in order to permit thatmanipulation. The clutch roller 2I0 is engaged with the driving hub 9|in response to that movement,

that roller being automatically disengaged from that hub when thecarriage and advance slide have been returned to their initialpositions. Other operations are also automatically performedconcomitantly with that movement, or with the engagement of the returnclutch roller 2 I0. These principally affect components of the carriage,and will be described hereinafter-it being convenient at this junctureto note only that these operations include the positive removal of bothstyli out of engagement with a record on the mandrel 21, the positivedisengagement of the feed nut 84 from the feed screw 83, and thepositive placement of the finger I25 in its normal position of downwardextension into the recess 15a as abovementioned.

The interference piece or guard is the lever 8,

with its fingerpieceflS, already mentioned. As

best seen in Figure 29, this'lever extends forwardly from a horizontalstud 2|3 extending rightwardly from the plate 2| quite near the bottomand, relatively near the rear of that plate. The righthand surface ofthe plate 2| may be provided with. a recess or sunken portion 2I4 aboutthe stud 2|3 and forwardly therefrom to and underneath the end of themandrel-shielding cylinder 20, so .that neither stud 2I3 nor lever Bproper need project appreciably beyond that righthand plate. surface. Inits position of non-interference with record manipulation, as solidlyillustrated in Figure 29, the lever 8 may extend approximatelyhorizontally forwardly from the stud. 2I3, wholly within the recess2l4.In its normal or interfering position, illustrated in Figures -1 and 4and dottedly indicated in Figure29, the lever 8 may extend diagonallyforwardly and upwardly from stud 213 to lie across the-open} end ofcylinder 20, partially in front of the record-ejecting fingerpiece 29 ofthe mandrel 21. In this latter position the lever interferes with thefree manipulation of the fingerpiece 29, and positively prevents thefull removal of a record from, or the mounting of a record on, themandrel 21. The forward portion of thetop edge of lever 8 may bethickened, as indicated at 8a, and to this portion may be hinged thefingerpiece 9 already mentioned.

The rear portion of the lever 8 is upwardly widened, forwardly to apoint a little forward of the rear of cylinder 20, and here anapproximately vertical lug H is folded leftwardly from the upper portionof the lever. This lug passes through a kidney-shaped aperture 2l2 inplate 2| to permit its movement with that of the lever 8; and at theleft of the plate 2| the lug 2| 5 is folded rearwardly to form a furtherlug 2H5 (as seen in Figures 2 and 5 for example). A spring 2|! istensioned between the lug H6 and a pin 2I8 extending leftwardly from theupper portion of plate 2! this spring serves to bias the lever upwardlyto its normal or interfering position. Against the forward surface oflug 215 is secured the righthand extremity of a horizontal bail. 220;this bail serves to transmit'the effect of the movement of lever B tothe lefthand portion of the phonograph, as well as to members of thecarriage in manner hereinafter described. The bail. 220 passesleftwardly below the rear of the cylinder 20, as seen in Figure 5 forexample, and through a suitable aperture 22l in plate 22, seen inFigures '7 and 10. This aperture 22! may be similar to aperture 2l2abovementioned, excepting that its lower portion is forwardly extendedto pass other components hereinafter mentioned. The bail 225 issupported near its lefthand extremityby an arm 222 (best seen inFigures'5 and 10a); the forward extremity of this arm is secured to thebail, while the rear extremity of the arm is pivoted to the righthandsurface of plate 22for example on an extension of rod 205 therethrough',this rod being positioned in axial alignment with the stud 213 to whichlever 8 is pivoted. The bail 220 will be understood to occupy a raisedor upward position (well illustrated for example in Figures 4 and 9a)whenever lever B is in its normal or interfering position, and to bemoved to a lowered or downward position (illustrated for example inFigures 7 and 10) as the lever 8 is moved to itsnon-interferingposition.

Downward movement of the bail 22!? engages the return clutch roller 2:0by rocking downwardly an arm 23?. next described, this arm causing thenecessary downward rocking of arm 227 abovementioned. The arm 23'!extends forwardly in a vertical plane, underneath web 229 and to theright of arm 22?, from an elongated hub 236 which is rotatably mountedon a horizontal cross pin 234 extending slightly below rod 235 betweenthe lugs 224a and 226a abovementioned. The arm 23'! may join the hub 235relatively near the lefthand extremity of that hub, and the rear portionof its top edge may be reinforced to that hub through the substantiallyhorizontal web 235. The arm 23?, at the forward extremity of web 235, isoffset slightly to the left past the path of the lefthand end portion225a of he bail 221]; the arm 237 is then very considerably widenedupwardly by the upwardly extending portion 231a seen in Figures 9through 11. After extending forwardly a short further distance, the sowidened arm is folded right wardly to form an approximately verticalapron 238, the upper portion 238a of which is continued to the rightfurther than the lower portion as seen in Figure 4. From the righthandedge of theupper apron portion 238a there is folded rearwardly a lug240.; between this lug and the arm portion 231a there is secured ahorizontal cross pin 2M, and on this cross pin there is rotatablymounted an'elongated collar 242. Downwardly from'the center of thiscollar there is formed, in a vertical front-and-back extending plane,agenerally L-shaped pawl 243 having a rearwardly directedfoot 244. Thenormal ang'ular position ofthe pawl about thecross pin 24! is such as todisposethe foot 244 in the path of downward movement of the bail endportion 220a; .this'positionfor the pawl is normally maintained by aspring 246,'tensioned between a forwardlycurved upward extension 245 ofthe pawl and a pin 24'! extending forwardly from the apron 238,andbiasing the extension 245 forwardlylinto contact with the top of thatapron.

The entire arm 23! is biased upwardly by a spring 248 tensioned betweena pin 249 extending rightwardly from the lug 243 and a pin 250 extendingleftwardly' from plate 22 above pin 249,. as may be seen from Figures 10and 10a. A limit forupward movement of the arm 23-! is established by 'ahorizontal lug 239 folded forwardly from thelower lefthand corner of theapron 238i and surmounted by a felt or like button 25L thisbuttonimpinging against the bottom,of .a horizontal lug 228 foldedrightwardly from the bottom of the forward portion of arm 227'; thisstructure communicates the upward bias of arm 23'! to arm221; besidesmaking eifec tive on arm 23! theupwardmovement limit for arm 22]-already described. To render arm 22! responsive to a downward rocking ofarm 231, a

spring- 252 is tensioned between a pin 253 extending rightwardly from anupward extension 22'la'formed from arm 22'! and a pin 254 extending1eftwardly.from-arm 23'! below pin 253, as seenfor example in Figure10a.

In thelast portion of downward movement of the bail 220' from its normalposition illustrated in Figure 911., its lefthand end portion 220a willimpinge upon the pawl foot 244, carrying the latter downwardly androcking downwardly the entire arm 23'! to the position illustrated inFigure 10; by reason of spring 252, the arm 22'! will also be rockeddownwardly and arm 225 forwardly, lug 228 remaining in contact withbutton 25!. When the clutch roller 2| 0' comes into engagement with thehub 9| and the return mechanism is thus started in action, the movementof arms 225 and 221 will be completed; but that "of arm 23'! maycontinue slightly, button 25! then leaving-intimate contact with lug223, to insure positiveness of engagement of the clutch roller with thehub. To guard,'however, against possible jamming of the clutch :roller210 between its support and the hub 9| under abnormal conditionsinterfering with the return ofthe carriage, it may be desirable toprovide an adjustable stop for the downward rocking of arm 22?; this maybe done by extending the lug 228-forwardly toover the bottom horizontalpost34 abovementioned, and passing an adjustable screw 255 upwardlythrough that post to be impinged upon by the lug 228 under the mentionedconditions.

When the lever 8 and bail 220 have been moved

